Symposia
Culture / Ethnicity / Race
Richelle L. Clifton, M.S. (she/her/hers)
Graduate Student
Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis
Seattle, Washington
Richelle L. Clifton, M.S. (she/her/hers)
Graduate Student
Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis
Seattle, Washington
Tamika Zapolski, Ph.D.
Associate Professor
IUPUI
Indianapolis, Indiana
Background: Racial microaggressions are associated with multiple negative outcomes, including increased distress, anxiety (Blume et al., 2012; Schoulte et al., 2011), and substance use (Su et al., 2019). The negative effects of racial microaggressions have been observed through daily assessments (Burrow & Ong, 2010; Ong et al., 2009; Swim et al., 2003). However, these studies have been conducted almost exclusively among Black adults. Thus, the first aim of the current study is to examine the impact of daily experiences of racial microaggressions on health outcomes among Black adolescents. Further, it is also important to examine factors that might influence the relationship between racial microaggressions and health outcomes. One factor that has received a considerable amount of attention is racial identity, with more recent studies examining the impact of racial identity profiles. Thus, the second aim of the current study was to explore the moderating role of racial identity profiles in this risk pathway.
Methods: Participants were Black adolescents (N = 48; 75.0% girls; Mage=17.1). Respondents completed measures of racial identity at baseline and daily diary measures of racial microaggressions, depression, anxiety, aggression, and substance use for 14 days.
Results: Participants reported an average of 5.56 experiences of racial microaggressions per day. Neither concurrent or lagged-day associations between racial microaggressions and symptoms of depression or symptoms of anxiety were significant. Concurrent analyses indicated that the between-person effect of racial microaggressions on aggression was significant (estimate=0.345, SE=0.138, t=2.495, p=0.016), and that effect was still evident one day later (estimate=0.107, SE=0.040, t=2.686, p=0.007). The concurrent, within-person effect of racial microaggressions on cannabis use was also significant (OR=1.524, 95%CI[0.103, 0.740], p=0.010). Four racial identity profiles were identified (labeled race-focused, undifferentiated, integrationist, and multiculturalist) and a number of moderating effects were significant.
Conclusion: This study further highlighted that Black youth are experiencing an overwhelming number of racial microaggressions on a daily basis. Additionally, this project represents a crucial step in advancing our understanding of how racial microaggressions operate to influence health outcomes among Black adolescents on the daily level and highlights several areas for needed study and intervention.